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Atum (alternatively spelled Tem, Temu, Tum, and Atem) is an important deity
in Egyptian mythology, whose cult centred on the city of Heliopolis. His
name is thought to be derived from the word 'tem' which means to complete
or finish. Thus he has been interpreted as being the 'complete one' and
also the finisher of the world, which he returns to watery chaos at the end
of the creative cycle. As creator he was seen as the underlying substance
of the world, the gods and all things being made of his flesh or
alternatively being his kas.
Atum is one of the most important and frequently mentioned gods from
earliest times, as evidenced by his prominence in the Pyramid Texts, where
he is portrayed as both creator god and father to the king. He is usually
depicted as a man wearing either the royal head-cloth or the dual white and
red crown of Upper Egypt, and Lower Egypt, reinforcing his connectio
