for "first") can be read.]]The braille system, devised in 1821 by
Frenchman Louis Braille, is a method that is widely used by blind people
to read and write. Each braille character or cell is made up of six dot
positions, arranged in a rectangle containing two columns of three dots
each. A dot may be raised at any of the six positions to form sixty-four
(2^6) permutations, including the arrangement in which no dots are raised.
For reference purposes, a particular permutation may be described by naming
the positions where dots are raised, the positions being universally
numbered 1 to 3, from top to bottom, on the left, and 4 to 6, from top to
bottom, on the right. For example, dots 1-3-4 would describe a cell with
three dots raised, at the top and bottom in the left column and on top of
the right column, i.e., the letter m. In braille, pages are separated by a
line so that you can feel going across the page.
The braill
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Braille,