Luciferians describes two quite separate heterodox tendencies, one in opposition to Arianism, the other to the Roman Catholic Church. Followers of Lucifer Calaritanus "Luciferians" described a schism group named after Lucifer, Bishop of Cagliari in Sardinia in the late 4th century. The movement was linked to the complex conflict about Arianism. Arius had been condemned as a heretic by the First Council of Nicea (325). His movement, based in the Eastern half of the Empire, gained power through the Roman Emperors Constantius II and Valens but also split into various factions, of which some reconciled with the Catholic Church and accepted the Nicene creed. Lucifer was a staunch proponent of the Nicene creed and proposed a maximalist stance towards those Semi-Arians seeking reconciliation. His most important influence was on the Church of Antioch, where he opposed the Bishop Meletius, who came to accept the Nicene creed (and for that was d

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