In biology, a specimen is an individual animal, plant or microorganism used as a representative to study the properties of the whole population of that species. In a medical laboratory, a specimen is a sample taken from a patient, most frequently blood or urine. In typography, a type specimen is a publication that shows the available glyphs in a typeface, including variations used for ligatures and special ornaments. In handwriting recognition, forensic handwriting analysis and signature verification, the term sample refers to a specimen of handwriting. Central Banks send so-called specimen banknotes (or specimens) to other banks before issuing a new banknote. To avoid its use as a legal tender note the banknote is perforated or punched, given a serial number of 000000 (all zeroes), or is overprinted with the word "Specimen" or "Cancelled" in any language.

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