"Voivode" (as it is spelled in the Oxford English Dictionary), also written "voivod", "vaivode", "voievod", "waiwode", "waywode", or "woiwod", is a Slavic word that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force. The word gradually came to denote the governor of a province; the territory ruled or administered by a voivode is known as a voivodeship. The Polish title is sometimes rendered in English as Palatine or Count Palatine, in charge of a palatinate. In the Slavic terminology, the rank of a voivode is in some cases considered equal of that of a German Duke (Herzog) (see Etymology below). The title was used in medieval Bohemia, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Transylvania, Macedonia, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Moldavia, Wallachia. Later, voivode was the highest military rank in the principalities of Montenegro and Serbia, the

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